دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران طب و تزکیه 1608-2397 22 4 2014 02 20 The Comparative Study of Yazd Public and Private Hospitals Brand Image in the Customer Mind بررسی مقایسه ای تصویر برند بیمارستا نهای دولتی و خصوصی یزد در ذهن مشتریان 9 16 79466 FA Journal Article 2013 08 01 Introduction: Keller (1993) has been defined brand image as “perceptions about a brand as reflected by the brand association held in consumer memory”. These associations refer to any brand aspect within the consumer’s memory. This research aimed to survey 2 public and private hospital’s brand image and compare them. Methods: This is a descriptive, applied research that was done trough cross-sectional method. The study was quantitative in nature and used the responses of 420 hospital customers who answered the survey questionnaire about 2 public and private hospitals. Data analysis was performed using SPSS16 software. Findings: Based on the research findings, Shahid Sadoughi hospital has an apathetic image in the mind of consumers but Mortaz hospital acquired a positive image in the citizens’ memory. Conclusion: We can conclude that effective interventions to restoration of public hospitals brand image are inevitable. https://www.tebvatazkiye.ir/article_79466_85ea282c45a69b03b4c8a63fb0bb5259.pdf

دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران طب و تزکیه 1608-2397 22 4 2014 02 20 The study of male students of Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS)’ attitude to ‘Halal’ and ‘Haram’ situational effects بررسی نگرش دانشجویان پسر دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران نسبت به اثرات وضعی غذاهای حلال و حرام 17 26 79467 FA Journal Article 2013 08 01 Introduction: on view of religion, situational effects of halal and haram foods on human body and spirit are inevitable. Although these effect is not the whole cause of human and society bless and cruelty; however, are main predisposing cause of human and society ascent and descent. According to this fact that youth is a considerable section of Iran population and about 4 millions of young people are university students that will become future expert and director and main motivational force of society; their attitude could have significant role in development, evolution and social health. As we noted above and in order to fundamental planning to increase student knowledge about halal and haram situational effects, their attitudes is essential. Aim: According to Imam Khomeini guidance that "University is the origin of all evolutions", it is necessary to study university students as future expert of society. Thus, this research performed to study students' attitude to halal and haram situational effects. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional one and probability random sampling was used. Samples were 156 students of IUMS that their attitude was studied with a questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS 18 and Chronbach  coefficient was 0.76. Results: In this survey, 76.6% of participants agreed that halal food had effect on individual and family economic issues and on the other hand, 5.8% disagreed. In regard to halal food effect on individual commitment about god obligations implementation, halal or haram food consumption of parents on behavioral and moral aspects of child and effect of halal food consumption on prayer acceptance, 80.8% , 82.7% and 63.3% agreed to these phrases respectively. Also, in regard to diet effect on mood and social behavior, the effect of halal and haram food on truth acceptance and individual commitment about social regulations and illegality of property obtained by usury, 82.1%, 68.5, 63.6% and 80.1% agreed respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that the attitude of most of the student about situational effects of halal and haram foods was close to the religion's view. https://www.tebvatazkiye.ir/article_79467_876581e21f82522068fadfdd6f1d08c7.pdf

دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران طب و تزکیه 1608-2397 22 4 2014 02 20 Rheumatic diseases in Iranian Traditional Medicine مروری بر بیماریهای روماتیسمی در طب سنتی ایران 27 34 79468 FA Journal Article 2013 09 01 Background and Aim: The field of rheumatology is relatively new and young in comparison to other related medical fields. I decided to do this study because, there was not any study regarding the Rheumatic diseases in Iranian Traditional Medicine. Methods: The Iranian Traditional Medicine opinions regarding the rheumatic diseases were obtained and summarized from the following books: the Canon of Medicine, Zakhireh-i Kharazmshahi, Al-Aghraz al- Tibbia val Mabahess al-Alaii, Ghanooncheh, , Hidayat al- Mutialimin, Khafi Alayee. Results: In articular diseases it was believed that the cause is humors and dripping the drop in painful joints, sexual excesses, and so on predisposed to joint involvement. In traditional medicine the bone and joint diseases were divided to limited types, such as pain in joints, gout, back pain, sciatica and kyphosis. Management of muscuskeletal disorders was based on consumption of plants to stop humors and evacuation methods such as purging, vomiting, duresis and some procedures such as bleeding and dietetics. Conclusion: In Iranian Traditional medicine, rheumatic diseases were divided into limited types and most of these disorders were unknown. https://www.tebvatazkiye.ir/article_79468_af6f9698d8722216ae96e14a0caffa9c.pdf

دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران طب و تزکیه 1608-2397 22 4 2014 02 20 Analyze and organize of organizational posts in universities: A case study in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences تحلیل و ساماندهی پستهای سازمانی دانشگاهها: مطالعه موردی در دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز 35 42 79469 FA Journal Article 2013 10 02 Background and purpose: Background and purpose: Job analysis can be considered to determine the essential characteristics of a job in order to prepare a job description. This study was conducted to Survey of organizational titles variety on Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, in order to Uniformity & Integration of Similar organizational posts titles. Methods: In this qualitative study, all of organizational posts titles on Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were revised and resurveyed by experts and specialists (using focus group discussions). Content analysis method was used to for data analysis. Results: Based on these study results, the variety of organizational posts titles in the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were reduced from 760 to 365. The result of the present study reported that the number of organizational posts titles has decreased by 48%. Conclusions: Due to the considerable Reduction of organizational posts titles on Tabriz University of Medical Sciences it seems that Implementation of the results of this study could lead to the following changes: • Personnel writ issuance will be Simplification. • Codification of job descriptions for organizational positions would be faster and comfortable. • Unnecessarily organizational titles will be removed. This study developed a practical model for codification of organizational posts titles for Medical Sciences Universities https://www.tebvatazkiye.ir/article_79469_2efa381c5081bfb8497a92a9d927a214.pdf

دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران طب و تزکیه 1608-2397 22 4 2014 02 20 Necessity and Importance of Studying Properties of Plants Mentioned In the Holy Quran, Hadiths, and Traditional Medicine Sources ضرورت و اهمیت بررسی خواص دارویی گیاهان ذکر شده در قرآن کریم و احادیث 43 50 79470 FA Journal Article 2013 09 01 Since ancient times, medicinal plants have been considered as valuable sources of medicine and some texts in ancient books point to the topic. Nowadays, the extensive use of medicinal plants and their derived compounds have also an important position. In the current paper, the necessity and importance of studying and researching on plants considered in the holy Quran, hadiths, and valuable sources of traditional medicine are addressed. For this purpose, holy Quran as well as general interpretation books and traditional and new medicine textbooks were used as references. In some verses in the holy Quran, man is asked to look at his surrounding nature, including plant with more scrutiny, and in this way to attempt to achieve a better cognition about the Almighty God and His signs. Man should always keep this in mind that Quran is not a book of experimental sciences; rather it is a book which leads to development of righteous human and the view toward the book should not be limited to the appearance of signs of the divine creation. The signs should be considered as the symbols of existence of the all-knowing Creator. Therefore, it should not be expected to find the details of different sciences such as evolution, botany, pharmacognosy, and so on. However, this does not prevent some quick glances at the signs present in creations for development of man. In general, all these items can be guides for man to consider them as the reminders of more careful thinking to achieve better cognition about God and not passing them carelessly. In addition to the holy Quran, getting familiar with hadiths is necessary and would be helpful in solving the problems arising from the differences in various interpretations. Moreover, hadiths provide more sensible comparisons for the signs. So, this is a responsibility of scientists to continue their attempts for discovering more principles in the holy Quran and make them more sensible for others. This would help people in being developed and getting closer to God. Islamic and Iranian traditional medicine sources can help us to know, find and interpret details about mentioned topics. https://www.tebvatazkiye.ir/article_79470_42ada70d4f61c1dda184330e1cda4f0f.pdf

دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران طب و تزکیه 1608-2397 22 4 2014 02 20 Upper respiratory tract infections in children and antibiotic use :Cross-sectional study of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of parents عفونت تنفسی فوقانی کودکان و مصرف آنتی بیوتیک: بررسی آگاهی، نگرش وعملکرد والدین 51 58 79471 FA Journal Article 2013 10 02 Introduction & Objective: Antibiotic resistance is a significant public health issue because of antibioticresistant pathogens is increasing. One of the most important factors in the spread of antibiotic resistance is excessive use of antibiotics. Upper respiratory infections are one of the most common antibiotic prescription in the children, while mostly upper respiratory infections are viral origin.Antibiotic prescription are affected by knowledge, attitudes, and pressure from parents. The purpose of this study was to assess parental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors on antibiotic use for children with Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in Hamadan. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Hamadan to assess parents’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) concerning the role of antibiotics in children with URTIs. The questionnaire was made by the researcher .The subjects were selected by two-stage cluster sampling (Proportionate to Population Sampling) of parents who were referred in 2012 to health centers in the Hamadan province 2012. Results: A total of 1020 Parents were studied. Results indicated that approximately 43% of participants believe that the majority of upper respiratory infections are viral. About half of the parents (47.3%) tend to choose the doctors to prescribe antibiotics early and approximately 30% of Participants request antibiotics directly . Conclusions: The results show that parents’ knowledge, attitude and practice regarding the use of antibiotics for upper respiratory infections in children are inappropriate. To reduce the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, in addition to Continuous medical education, parents need to be educated comprehensively by physicians and general media. https://www.tebvatazkiye.ir/article_79471_3ccd65979197e060c41a39a512800305.pdf

دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران طب و تزکیه 1608-2397 22 4 2014 02 20 The prediction of family functioning based on spirituality پیش بینی کارکرد خانواده بر اساس میزان معنویت 59 66 79472 FA Journal Article 2013 10 02 Aim: This study was done for investigating the prediction of family functioning based on spirituality in men going to mosque in Sanandaj city. Method: To consider that the mosque in Sanandaj city consist of 4 regions, by using multi-stage cluster, 30 men going to mosque were selected access. The sample size in this study was calculated 120 men and every examinee completed two questionnaires. The hypothesis of this study were: The family functioning based on spirituality of men going to mosque is predictable. Result: The Regression result indicate that according to the scores of spirituality as predictor variables can predict family functioning as criterion variable , in the other words there is a meaningful relationship among variables of spirituality with variable of family functioning. https://www.tebvatazkiye.ir/article_79472_456388d7767a9aaa38a8e5e8792f9cca.pdf

دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران طب و تزکیه 1608-2397 22 4 2014 02 20 Survey of effect of the listening to Qurane- karim on the sedation and speed of induction in general anesthesia candidates using BIS monitoring بررسی تاثیر شنیدن آوای قرآن کریم بر آرامبخشی و سرعت القاء بیهوشی در بیماران کاندیدای بیهوشی عمومی براساس پایش پردازش شده نوار مغزBIS 67 74 79473 FA Journal Article 2013 09 01 Background & Objectives: Good preoperative sedation and anxiolysis helps in smooth induction and optimal depth of anesthesia during induction, also laryngoscopy & tracheal intubation will be caused to less hemodynamic perturbation. The objective of this study is determining the effect of listening to holy Quran-e- karim tape before anesthesia on the degree of sedation and speed of induction and also variation of hemodynamic variables during that time. Methods & Materials: In a prospective single blind randomized clinical trial, 60 patients with ASA physical class I & II, candidate for intra abdominal operation under general anesthesia was included. After selection of the patients on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria’s, patients divided randomly in two groups (case & control). Before giving any drugs, in the case group 10 min of holy Quran -e-karim reading was played via a head phone. But in the second group head phone in the off position was applied. BIS and heart rate was recorded before and after this 10 min in two groups. After that in the same time with premedication injection (Fentanyl & Midazolam) another 3 min record of holy Quran-e-Karim was played to group one patients, and again BIS was road. Hence induction of anesthesia was done with thiopental 5mg/ kg and Atracurium 0.5mg/kg. Time to reaching the BIS number to 50 in two groups was noted. Also BIS and HR recorded at laryngoscopy and after intubation and 2 min later. Data was analyzed with SPSS statistical software version 11. And P-value less than 0.05 considered valuable. Results: Comparison of initial BIS & HR (after 10 min listening to tape) t-student test showed a meaningful difference between two group (P-value = 0.05). That means the patients in case group had a better sedation than other group. But analysis of data for other times didn’t show a significant difference between groups. Discussion & conclusion: Results confirmed that, listening of holy Quran without giving any sedative and analgesic drugs can reduce the BIS number from awareness level to the level of conscious sedation (80<BIS<100). The aim of conscious sedation with this way is relieving patient’s anxiety and stress in a safe manner and converting the patient’s stressful and intolerable preoperative condition to a tolerable one. https://www.tebvatazkiye.ir/article_79473_d2f9510cd24e0060bc5fd32b24808205.pdf

دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران طب و تزکیه 1608-2397 22 4 2014 02 20 Hajj Pilgrimage as an opportunity to transform health-related beliefs and lifestyle حج بعنوان فرصتی برای تغییر باورهای سلامتی 75 79 79474 FA Journal Article 2013 10 02 In this study, at first a review is made of developments in theories of human behavioral change, and then views are presented on causes of humans changing their health related lifestyle. Also reference is made to the minimum and desirable time durations that are said to be important for changes in humans to actually take place and to be sustained. Then descriptions are made of the characteristics of Hajj pilgrimage. As an obligatory for every capable Muslim once in a lifetime, this ritual is said to have the specifications of timeperiod previously mentioned to be required for a successful behavior change, in terms of both its duration of almost 40 days and its creation of a very different lifestyle environment for the pilgrim who is far from normal family and friend surrounding. 24-hours a day and close interactions with completely new people and strangers in small hotel rooms, restaurants, buses and inside the holy mosques enable the pilgrims to overcome the usual barriers to change in knowledge, attitude and practices. It is then concluded that due to the large population of pilgrims that annually do the Hajj, this ritual has the potential not only to change directly the people and professional who observe this obligation, but also to transform indirectly many other relatives who interact with them. Therefore, policy makers in Iran can exploit this opportunity and make the necessary changes, at national level, in medical education and practices as well as in health-related lifestyle and education. This in turn will lead to more appropriate, effective and efficient delivery of disease preventive, health promotional, diagnostic, curative, surgical, palliative and rehabilitative services during Hajj and beyond https://www.tebvatazkiye.ir/article_79474_a6ee936847a535d7aabea8775aeebe91.pdf

دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران طب و تزکیه 1608-2397 22 4 2014 02 20 Comparison of vitamin B12 and folic acid intake between dementia patients and healthy people بررسی میزان دریافت ویتامین B12 و اسیدفولیک در افراد مبتلا به دمانس در مقایسه با افراد سالم 81 94 79475 FA Journal Article 2013 10 02 Background and objective: Study findings have suggested an association between dementia risk and less intakes of Bvitamins and have speculated about their use as preventive agents, So this study examine dietary and supplemental intakes of vitaminB12 and folic acid in dementia patients in compare to healthy people. Method: Data collected were from participants of the Iran Alzheimer Association, cross sectional study of 120 men and women 50 years and older who were residents of Tehran in 2013. Dietary data were collected using food frequency and 24-hour recall questionnaires. Nutrient composition information was obtained from standard nutrient databases like the Food Processor (Nutritionist IV) and the SPSS version 19.0 for Windows software program, was used for all statistical analysis. Results: In multivariable Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) models that controlled for the effects of covariates, total folic acid (dietary and supplemental) and dietary folic acid and vitaminB12 intake of dementia patients were less. There were observed differences in risk of dementia by decreasing of total intake of folic acid and vitamin B12. Conclusion: Lower folic acid and vitaminB12 status were associated with risk of dementia, maintaining levels through the consumption of specific foods and supplements is a viable option for dementia patients and high risk people. Further studies examining associations between dietary intakes of B-vitamins, biomarkers of B-vitamin status and cognitive endpoints are warranted. https://www.tebvatazkiye.ir/article_79475_5c9bd5fadf57df6dc8ea1fdc3d6d95df.pdf