1استادیار، دکترای تخصصی سیاستگذاری سلامت، مرکز تحقیقات مدیریت سلامت و توسعه اجتماعی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گلستان، گرگان، ایران
2دانشیار، روانپزشک، گروه روانپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات اعتیاد و رفتارهای پرخطر، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی ایران، تهران، ایران
3استاد، روانپزشک، مرکز تحقیقات سلامت معنوی، دانشکده علوم رفتاری و سلامت روان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران
4دانشیار، پزشکی اجتماعی، پژوهشکده علوم اعصاب، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت: 06 اسفند 1396،
تاریخ بازنگری: 07 اردیبهشت 1397،
تاریخ پذیرش: 08 خرداد 1397
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: در سال های اخیر، سلامت معنوی توسط متخصصان سلامت به عنوان یک بعد مهم در زندگی فردی و گروهی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است و طبق تعریف سازمان بهداشت جهانی مراقبت معنوی جزء اصلی مراقبت تسکین دهنده است. با این حال، اغلب در عملکرد بالینی از آن غفلت می شود و بیمارستانها نیاز به حرکت در راستای ارتقای مراقبت معنوی دارند. هدف از انجام این مطالعه طراحی الگوی ارائه خدمات سلامت معنوی در بیمارستانهای ایران بود. روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر در دو قسمت مطالعه مروری و مطالعه کیفی انجام شد. در قسمت مطالعه مروری مقالات مرتبط با موضوع با استفاده از کلیدواژه های مناسب از سایت های معتبر انتخاب و مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. در قسمت مطالعه کیفی صاحب نظران علمی و اجرایی با استفاده از رویکرد نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. داده ها در طی جلسات بحث گروهی متمرکز و مصاحبه های عمیق فردی جمع آوری شد و با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوا و با بهره گیری از آنالیز درون مایه ای تحلیل گردید. یافته ها: خدمات سلامت معنوی بیمارستانها شامل ارزیابی وضع معنوی و ارجاع توسط پزشک، مراقبت معنوی توسط پرستار، مشاوره معنوی توسط مشاور معنوی و فراهم آوردن شرایط محیطی رشد معنوی توسط مدیر بیمارستان می باشد. مجموعه مهارتهای لازم برای مراقبت و مشاوره معنوی جهت پرستاران شامل مهارتهای ارتباطی، حمایتی، دانشی، نگرشی، اجرای مراقبت معنوی و ارجاع به متخصصان می باشد. نتیجه گیری: با توجه به ارائه الگوی پیشنهادی و لزوم پیاده سازی آن در بیمارستانهای کشور، پیشنهاد می گردد مجموعه مهارت های لازم برای ارزیابی معنوی از بیماران و مداخلات مربوطه در قالب بسته های آموزش مهارت ها و ایجاد توانمندی طراحی و اجرایی گردد .
A plan for spiritual health services in Iranian hospitals
نویسندگان [English]
alireza Heidari1؛ Ahmad Hajebi2؛ Jafar Bolhari3؛ Behzad Damari4
1Assistant Professor, PhD of Health Policy, Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of
Medical Sciences
2Associate professor, Department of Psychiatry, Behaviors Risky and Addiction for Center Research, Iran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3Professor, Spiritual Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences & Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran.
4Associate professor, Community medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Background and Objective: In recent years, spiritual health has been considered by health professionals as an important dimension in individual and group life, and as defined by the World Health Organization, spiritual care is a major component of palliative care. However, it is often neglected in clinical practice, and hospitals need to move toward promoting spiritual care. The aim of this study was to design a model for providing spiritual health services in Iranian hospitals. Methods and Materials: The present study was conducted in two parts of the review study and qualitative study. In the review section, articles related to the topic were selected and studied using appropriate keywords from valid sites. In a qualitative study, scientific and executive experts were selected using purposeful sampling approach. The data were collected during focused group discussions and individual in-depth interviews and were analyzed using content analysis method and thematic analysis. Results: The spiritual health services of hospitals include the assessment of the mental status and referral by the physician, the spiritual care of the nurse, the spiritual counseling by the spiritual counselor and the provision of spiritual conditions by the hospital manager. A set of skills for spiritual care and counseling by nurses include communication, supportive, knowledge, attitude and executive skills of spiritual care and referral to religious specialists. Conclusion: According to the proposed model and the necessity of its implementation in hospitals of the country, it is suggested to set the required skills for spiritual evaluation of patients and relevant interventions in the form of skills training packages and capabilities
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
pattern, Spiritual Health, Spiritual care, Hospital
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