تبیین تجربه متخصصین تعلیم و تربیت و آموزش بهداشت در آموزش بهداشت مدارس با بحران های موجود آموزش بهداشت و ارتقای سلامت در مدارس با تاکید بر شناسایی نیازها

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی (Original Research)

نویسنده

گروه علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی ، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان ، تبریز

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: آموزش بهداشت و ارتقای سلامت به عنوان یک منبع مهم در توسعه ی اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فردی مطرح
می شود، توجه به این امر خطیر از وظایف مهم دولت ها به شمار می رود. لذا برای همه ی انسان ها دستیابی به این هدف
ارزشمند، یعنی کسب سلامت و شناسایی بحرا ن های موجود نیازمند آموزش است.
روش بررسی: مطالعه کیفی حاضر با رویکرد پدیدارشناسی در تابستان 1395 بر روی 15 متخصص تعلیم و تربیت و آموزش
بهداشت به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند و تا اشباع داده ها ، با رعایت محرمانه بودن اطلاعات و امکان ترک مطالعه در هر زمان
که مایل بودند، ادامه یافت. روش جمع آوری داده ها از طریق مصاحبه عمیق باز و نیمه ساختار یافته انجام گرفت. تمام
مصاحبه ها ضبط و سپس، کلمه به کلمه دست نویس شد و مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته ها: با تحلیل و ادغام مولفه های اصلی ، 2 مولفه اصلی شناسایی و با تحلیل مولفه های اصلی، 19 مولفه فرعی استخراج
گردید. مولفه اصلی نیازها در سطح کلان شامل جامع بودن مطالب کتب درسی، عدم بیان صرف مشکلات بهداشتی در کتب
درسی، ایجاد علاقه به مسائل آموزش بهداشت، تربیت معلمان متخصص و علاقمند به آموزش بهداشت، درک وابستگی
متقابل بین وجوه اقتصادی، سیاسی و آموزش بهداشت توسط مسئولان، تدوین برنامه جامع آموزش بهداشت و ارتقای
سلامت، اتخاذ رویکردهای جدید در آموزش بهداشت، فراهم کردن امکانات و تجهیزات آموزشی، فراهم کردن منابع علمی
و اطلاعاتی در زمین هی آموزش بهداشت، تخصیص بودجه لازم و کافی، تجدید نظر در محتوای کتا بهای درسی، افزایش
کیفیت چاپ کتا ب های درسی است و مولفه اصلی نیازها در سطح مدارس شامل رعایت استانداردهای بهداشتی در در محیط
و ساختمان مدارس، آموزش بهداشت اولیا در کنار دانش آموزان، آموزش بهداشت معلمان، کارکنان و مسئولان مدارس،
آموزش مفاهیم بهداشتی از طریق شیو ه های نوین تدریس، اتخاذ تدابیری برای حضور فعال دانش آموزان در طبیعت و لمس
آن از نزدیک، علاقمند کردن دانش آموزان به آموزش بهداشت و ارتقای سلامت از طرق مختلف آموزش مفاهیم بهداشتی در
خارج از کلاس است
نتیجه گیری: از میان 19 محور به دست آمده از تحلیل پاسخ های مصاحبه شوندگان به پرسش اول، تربیت معلمان
متخصص و علاقمند به آموزش بهداشت از طرق مختلف از مه مترین نیازهایی است که نظام آموزشی باید پاسخگو باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Explaining the experience of education and health education professionals in school health education With existing health crisis crises and health promotion in schools, with emphasis on identifying needs

نویسنده [English]

  • mohamad Azizmi
Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Farhangian University, Tabriz
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim:  Health education and health promotion as an important source of economic development, social and individual arises, given the important task of governments is critical. So for all human beings to achieve this worthwhile goal, namely health and barriers in the layers that need training.
Materials and Methods: This qualitative study with a phenomenological approach in the summer of 1395 on 15 educators and health education Targeted sampling and saturation data, in compliance with the confidentiality of information and the possibility to leave the study at any time were continued. The method of collecting data through open and semi-structured deep interview was conducted. All interviews were recorded and transcribed, word for word handwritten and were analyzed.
Results: Integration with analysis the main components, 2 main components were identified and by analysis of the main components, 19 sub-components were extracted. The main component of the needs at the macro level is the comprehensiveness of the content of the textbooks, the failure to express health problems in the textbooks, the interest in health education issues, the training of specialist teachers and the interest in health education, the understanding of the interdependence between economic, political and health education by Establishment of comprehensive health education and health promotion programs, adopting new approaches to health education, providing educational facilities and facilities, providing scientific and information resources in the field of health education, allocating necessary and adequate funding, reviewing the content of textbooks, Increasing the quality of printing textbooks is a key component At the school level, the following are included: observance of health standards in the school environment, school health education, student health education, teacher health education, staff and school officials, teaching health concepts through new teaching methods, taking measures for active participation of students in The nature and the touch of the close, the interest of students in health education and health promotion, is through teaching different health concepts outside the classroom.
Conclusion: Of the 19 axes obtained from the analysis of respondents' responses to the first question, the training of specialized teachers interested in health education is one of the most important needs of the educational system to be accountable

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طب و تزکیه
دوره 26، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 4
زمستان 1396 ، دوره 26 ، شماره 4 ،
اسفند 1396
صفحه 285-300

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